Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y)
Introduction
If you are severely obese and have had trouble losing weight, you should consider having a weight loss surgery. One type of weight loss surgery is the gastric bypass. It is an effective way to lose weight and reduce the risk for weight-related problems.
Overview
Gastric bypass, also called Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, is a type of bariatric surgery in which that a small pouch from the stomach is created and connected to the small intestine.
After this procedure, swallowed food will go into this small pouch of stomach and then directly into the small intestine, thereby bypassing most of your stomach and the first section of your small intestine.
Gastric bypass is one of the most commonly performed types of bariatric surgery. Gastric bypass is done when you cannot lose your weight through diet and exercise, or when you have serious health problems because of your weight.
Benefits of gastric bypass
There are many benefits of gastric bypass surgery, here are some of them :
• Long-term remission for Type 2 diabetes:
Studies have shown that excess weight loss resulting from gastric bypass surgery remission of Type 2 diabetes.
• Eliminate obstructive sleep apnea:
Achieving and a normal weight range often allows people with sleep apnea to stop using a CPAP machine at bedtime.
• Improved cardiovascular health:
Weight loss surgeries, such as gastric bypass, decreases a person’s risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral heart disease.
• Joint pain relief:
Carrying around excessive weight puts a lot of The significant and sustained weight loss that occurs after bariatric surgery relieves the stress on joints and often allows people to stop using pain medications and enjoy much more mobility.
• Improve fertility:
Gastric bypass surgery can also improve fertility during childbearing years. This is because this process works to lose excess weight.
prepare for gastric bypass surgery
If you decide to have gastric bypass surgery, you should start a physical activity program and to stop any tobacco use, this is in the weeks before surgery.
Right before your surgery, you may have restrictions on eating and drinking and which medications you can take. Arrange for help at home if you think you’ll need it.
steps of gastric bypass surgery
A gastric bypass surgery includes the following steps:
Step 1-Anesthesia:
General anesthesia is applied during the operation.
Step 2-Create several incisions in the abdominal wall:
The surgeon makes several incisions in the abdominal wall using the open surgery technique or using laparoscopy, which is currently used in most obesity treatment operations.
Step 3-Making of the new stomach:
After making the incisions, the surgeon cuts across the top of your stomach, sealing it off from the rest of your stomach. The resulting pouch is about the size of a walnut.
Step 4-Connecting the new stomach with the intestines:
After that, the surgeon cuts the small intestine and sews part of it directly onto the new stomach. Food then goes into this small pouch of stomach and then directly into the small intestine sewn to it.
Step 5-Close the incisions:
Finally, the surgeon closes the incisions using stitches.
recovery after gastric bypass surgery
Immediately after having a gastric bypass surgery, you should have liquids but no solid food as your stomach and intestines begin to heal.
Your diet will be graduated in terms of food hardness, so that you can eat pureed foods after a short period.
Your surgeon will recommend you take vitamin and mineral supplements after surgery, including a multivitamin with iron, calcium and vitamin B-12.
You’ll need frequent medical checkups to monitor your health in the first several months after weight-loss surgery.
risks and complications of gastric bypass
The risks and complications of gastric bypass surgery are as follow:
• Gastrointestinal tract leak:
Leaks from the gastrointestinal tract can occur where the bowel and stomach are connected or stapled, so that bowel contents can leak into the abdomen.
• Conversion to open procedure:
The gastric bypass surgery may need to be converted from the laparoscopic approach to the traditional open surgical approach. Reasons include bleeding, injury to other organs, excessive scar tissue from previous surgeries.
• Bowel obstruction:
Bowel obstructions (blockages) can be caused by scar tissue in the abdomen or kinking of the bowel.
• Stricture:
Excessive scar tissue formation can occur where the stomach pouch is connected to the bowel, causing gastric strictures. Stricture symptoms include vomiting and decreased tolerance to food, even liquids.
• Bleeding:
Bleeding can occur anywhere a stapling device was used.
What is a gastric bypass surgery?
Understanding Gastric Bypass SurgeryGastric bypass surgery is a popular weight-loss procedure aimed at helping individuals who struggle with severe obesity. This surgery alters the digestive system to limit food intake and nutrient absorption. By creating a smaller stomach pouch, it significantly reduces the amount of food you can eat at one time. The procedure also bypasses a portion of the small intestine, which decreases calorie and nutrient absorption.
What should I do before having a gastric bypass surgery?
Before undergoing gastric bypass surgery, individuals should take several important steps to prepare. They should start by consulting with a healthcare professional to discuss their specific health conditions and expectations for the procedure. It is crucial to attend all pre-operative appointments, where necessary tests and evaluations will be conducted. Additionally, adopting a healthier diet and engaging in regular physical activity can help improve overall health and increase the chances of a successful surgery.
How does the surgeon make incisions in the abdominal wall in gastric bypass surgery?
In gastric bypass surgery, the surgeon makes incisions in the abdominal wall using a careful and precise approach. Typically, several small incisions are made to allow for the introduction of special instruments. This minimally invasive technique, known as laparoscopic surgery, minimizes tissue damage and promotes quicker recovery.
Why is gastric bypass surgery converted from the laparoscopic approach to the open approach?
Gastric bypass surgery may be converted from the laparoscopic approach to the open approach for several reasons. One common reason is the presence of unexpected complications during the laparoscopic procedure, such as excessive bleeding or difficulty accessing the necessary anatomy. Additionally, a patient’s unique anatomical challenges or previous surgical history might make laparoscopic access difficult or unsafe.
What are the symptoms of gastric strictures?
Gastric strictures can lead to a range of symptoms that significantly impact a person’s quality of life. Individuals may experience difficulty swallowing, often referred to as dysphagia, which can cause discomfort during meals. Other common symptoms include nausea and vomiting, particularly after eating, as well as a feeling of fullness even after consuming small amounts of food. Weight loss may occur due to reduced food intake, and some may also notice abdominal pain or bloating.
Results
Gastric bypass is one common type of weight loss surgery. During this surgery, the top of the stomach is turned into a small gastric pouch. A loop of your small intestine is cut, and is connected to the gastric pouch. Your doctor may suggest this surgery if you have a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher.
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