Biliopancreatic Diversion (BPD)
Introduction
A biliopancreatic diversion surgery changes the normal process of digestion by reducing the size of the stomach. This procedure is for people who are more than severely obese and who haven’t been able to lose weight any other way.
Overview
In biliopancreatic diversion procedure, portions of the stomach are removed. The small pouch that remains is connected directly to the final segment of the small intestine, bypassing the upper part of the small intestines.
A common channel remains in which bile and pancreatic digestive juices mix prior to entering the colon. As a result of this procedure, weight is lost because most of the calories and nutrients are routed into the colon where they are not absorbed.
Benefits of biliopancreatic diversion
There are many benefits of biliopancreatic diversion surgery, here are some of them :
•Adjustability :
This procedure is adjustable. This means that there is a partial chance of reversing it through the performance of another surgery.
• Leads to Enhanced Quality of Life:
Your fitness after weight loss also culminates into a boosted self-esteem and a better sense of living. In addition to this, the surgery helps to alleviate the health issues or illnesses often attributed to obesity.
• A Great Alternative to Other Weight Loss Procedures:
Biliopancreatic diversion is suitable especially if you have tried other weight loss methods to no avail.
prepare for biliopancreatic diversion surgery
In the weeks leading up to your biliopancreatic diversion surgery, you may be required to start a physical activity program and to stop any tobacco use.
Right before your surgery, you may have restrictions on eating and drinking and which medicines you can take. Arrange for help at home if you think you’ll need it.
steps of biliopancreatic diversion surgery
A biliopancreatic diversion surgery includes the following steps:
Step 1-A smaller stomach pouch is created:
First, a smaller stomach pouch is created by removing about 60-70% of the stomach.
Step 2-Dividing the last portion of the small intestine:
The surgeon divides the last portion of the small intestine, and the remaining segment of the small intestine is brought up and connected to the outlet just below the new stomach.
Step 3-Reconnection of bypassed small intestine:
The bypassed small intestine carries bile and pancreatic enzymes needed for the breakdown and absorption of protein and fat, so the surgeon reconnects it to the last portion of the small intestine.
recovery after biliopancreatic diversion surgery
It is normal to feel nausea, fatigue, and vomiting in the first few weeks after biliopancreatic diversion surgery.
In addition, you may feel pain, weakness, light-headedness, loss of appetite, flatulence and gas pain, loose stools, and emotional ups and downs. Patients experience these to varying degrees.
You may feel pain at the incision site or as a result of how your body was positioned during surgery.
risks and complications of biliopancreatic diversion
The risks and complications of biliopancreatic diversion surgery are as follow:
• More dangerous than gastric banding:
This surgery has more risks than the gastric band surgery, because it is a longer procedure and the stomach and intestines are cut.
• Obstruction may occur that prevents the passage of food:
Obstruction can occur and this may require a procedure (endoscopic or surgical) to widen the area and allow food to travel through at the correct rate.
• Taking vitamins and nutritional supplements for life:
You will need to take many multivitamin and mineral supplements on a daily basis for life.
• Nutritional deficiencies:
You will be at greater risk of suffering from nutritional deficiencies, particularly iron, calcium, vitamin A and D and protein.
• Gallstones:
After having a biliopancreatic diversion surgery, you may develop gallstones due to rapid weight loss.
• Nausea and vomiting:
Nausea and vomiting may occur, particularly in the first few days after surgery.
What does the biliopancreatic diversion procedure involve?
The biliopancreatic diversion procedure is a type of weight-loss surgery aimed at significantly reducing body weight by altering the digestive system. It involves the removal of a portion of the stomach, which restricts food intake, and the rerouting of the intestines, which reduces nutrient absorption.
Is the biliopancreatic diversion procedure adjustable?
The biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) procedure is not inherently adjustable. This surgical technique is designed to limit food intake and reduce calorie absorption by altering the gastrointestinal tract. Once performed, the anatomical changes made during BPD are permanent.
How do you prepare for a biliopancreatic diversion?
Preparing for a biliopancreatic diversion requires thorough planning and consultation with healthcare professionals. First, individuals must attend a series of informational sessions to understand the procedure’s risks and benefits. This is often followed by medical evaluations, including assessments by nutritionists and psychologists, to ensure readiness for the lifestyle changes ahead. Creating a pre-operative diet is crucial, as patients usually need to adopt healthier eating habits to optimize their health prior to surgery.
Should I take vitamins and nutritional supplements after biliopancreatic diversion surgery?
After biliopancreatic diversion surgery, it is essential for individuals to consider taking vitamins and nutritional supplements. This type of surgery alters the digestive system, which can lead to deficiencies in vital nutrients. Patients may experience a reduced ability to absorb certain vitamins and minerals from food alone.
Why do gallstones form after biliopancreatic diversion?
Gallstones can form after biliopancreatic diversion due to significant changes in the digestive system. This surgical procedure, which results in a reduced absorption of fats and nutrients, can lead to rapid weight loss. During this period, the liver produces excess cholesterol and bile acids, increasing the likelihood of gallstone formation.
Results
In biliopancreatic diversion surgery, part of the stomach is removed. The remaining part of the stomach is connected to the lower portion of the small intestine directly. People who have this surgery must take vitamin and mineral supplements for the rest of their lives.
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