Sleeve Gastrectomy
Introduction
If you suffer from excess weight and have a desire to reduce your appetite for food, you should consider reducing the size of your stomach through sleeve gastrectomy surgery, which helps you reduce the amount of food you can eat in one meal.
Overview
Sleeve gastrectomy surgery is a bariatric surgery procedure that removes a large portion of your stomach, leaving a narrow “sleeve.”
This surgery is typically performed laparoscopically, which involves placing small instruments through multiple small cuts in the upper part of the belly.
Reducing your stomach helps restrict calories and reduce hunger signals. This surgery is offered to help people with clinically severe obesity.
Benefits of sleeve gastrectomy surgery
There are many benefits of sleeve gastrectomy surgery, here are some of them :
• Restricting the feeling of hunger and appetite:
This is due to low levels of ghrelin, which is responsible for signaling hunger to produce digestive secretions.
• Helping recover from type || diabetes:
On average, 39% of patients that were receiving medication for their type II diabetes stopped needing it after a year of their sleeve gastrectomy surgery, according to the Global Registry Report of 2019.
• Helping recover from high blood pressure:
On average, 57.2% of patients that were receiving medication for hypertension stopped needing it after a year of their procedure.
• Improvement of different clinical markers:
This procedure has considerable regulatory impacts on clinical markers, including biochemical, histological, hematological, and inflammatory markers.
• Reducing the risks of cardiovascular diseases:
This surgery also reduces cardiovascular risks in patients.
• Eases respiration:
sleeve gastrectomy eases respiration in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
prepare for sleeve gastrectomy surgery
Commitment to a specific diet before sleeve gastrectomy surgery helps to reduce fatty deposits around the liver, which improves surgical access to the stomach. You should begin your diet three weeks before your procedure.
Two or three days before the surgery, you will need to follow a liquid-only diet, so your food is limited to water, broth, gelatins, and low-calorie sports drinks (no sodas). You’ll need to cut out consumption entirely starting at midnight on the day of your surgery – even water.
steps of sleeve gastrectomy surgery
A sleeve gastrectomy surgery includes the following steps:
Step 1-Making small incisions in the abdominal wall:
Small incisions are made in the abdominal wall for the insertion of small trocars.
Step 2-Stomach inspection:
The stomach is inspected, so that the blood vessels to the lateral side of stomach are divided.
Step 3- Measure the size of the new stomach:
A Bougie tube is inserted into the stomach and serves as a sizer for the size of the new stomach.
Step 4-Divide the stomach into two parts:
The stapler is used to divide the stomach into two parts, so that continuous firing of the stapler is used to divide the stomach.
Step 5-The stomach is completely divided into two parts:
The new banana shaped stomach has about 20-25% of original stomach volume.
Step 6-Close the incisions:
The surgeon will remove the remainder of the stomach, then close the incisions.
recovery after sleeve gesterctomy surgery
After having a sleeve gastrectomy surgery, you’ll have frequent medical checkups to monitor your health in the first several months .
You may need laboratory testing, and bloodwork exams. In addition, you may experience changes as your body reacts to the rapid weight loss in the first 3 to 6 months after the surgery such as body aches, feeling tired, dry skin, and hair thinning and loss.
To ensure the best desired results from the surgery, your diet must begin with sugar-free, noncarbonated liquids for the first seven days, then moves to pureed foods for three weeks, and finally to regular foods approximately four weeks after your surgery.
risks and complications of sleeve gastrectomy
The risks and complications of sleeve gastrectomy surgery are as follow:
• Gastritis:
Gastritis is the inflammation of the stomach lining leading to heartburn, nausea and pain.
• Leakage of digestive juices:
Digestive juices and stomach contents can leak from the incision made in the abdominal wall.
• Peritonitis:
Peritonitis is inflammation and infection of the membrane lining the abdomen.
• Sleeve stricture:
Sleeve stricture is a tightening and narrowing of the stomach tube.
What is a sleeve gastrectomy surgery?
Sleeve gastrectomy surgery is a weight-loss procedure in which a large portion of the stomach is removed, leaving a sleeve-shaped stomach about the size of a banana. This significantly reduces the stomach’s capacity, which helps patients feel fuller sooner and consume less food. The surgery also affects hormones that regulate hunger and metabolism, contributing to weight loss.
Why do you have to diet before sleeve gastrectomy surgery?
Dieting before sleeve gastrectomy surgery is crucial for several reasons. Primarily, it helps reduce the size of the liver, making the surgical procedure safer and easier for the surgeon. A smaller liver minimizes the risk of complications during surgery and allows for better access to the stomach.
How is the size of the new stomach measured during sleeve gastrectomy surgery?
During sleeve gastrectomy surgery, the size of the new stomach is measured using a specialized bougie, which is a thin, flexible tube. The surgeon inserts this bougie into the stomach to establish the desired size for the remaining stomach pouch.
How is the stomach divided during sleeve gastrectomy surgery?
During sleeve gastrectomy surgery, the stomach is divided into two main parts. The surgeon removes a significant portion of the stomach, leading to a tubular or sleeve-like structure. This transformation reduces the stomach’s size by approximately 75-80%, which limits food intake and promotes weight loss.
What is a gastritis?
Gastritis is a medical condition characterized by the inflammation of the stomach lining. This condition can occur suddenly, known as acute gastritis, or develop gradually over time, referred to as chronic gastritis. Symptoms may include stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and a feeling of fullness after eating.
What is a peritonitis?
Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum, the thin tissue lining the abdominal cavity and covering the organs within it. This condition can result from infections due to bacteria or fungi, often occurring after a rupture, such as in the case of appendicitis, or from complications of other medical conditions.
Results
Sleeve gastrectomy is a new and safe procedure for obesity treatment. In this procedure, a large part of the stomach, which accounts for the regulation of appetite, is resected. It is minimally invasive and is considered less technically challenging than laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB).
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